Oil burner



Nov. 10, 1936 w. w. MCINTYRE OIL BURNER Original Filed June '7, 1955 6. r m/ m d r M W Patented Nov. 10, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFEQE OIL BURNER Detroit, Mich.

Application June 7, 1933, Serial No. 674,629 Renewed April 8, 1936 12 Claims. (01. 158-70) This invention relates to oil burners and particularly to oil burners for furnaces.

An object of the invention is to provide an oil burner that will effect a slow percolation of the oil through a mineral wick to the point ofv combustion and will effectively preheat the oil during such percolation.

Another object is to construct an oil burner, of the mineral wick type, of an assembly of parts, gravity-seated, one upon another, so as to promote simple and quick assembly or disassembly and afford ready access to the mineral wick.

A further object is to provide for a regulable preheating of the oil, preliminary to that received in its passage through the burner, adapting the burner to employ oils of very low volatility.

These and various other objects the invention attains by the construction hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diametrical sectional view of the burner, installed in a furnace.

Fig. 2 is top plan view of the same.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary, perspective view showing the association of an adjustable shield with an oil-preheating tube.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of an annular support for a mineral bed.

In these views, the reference character I designates a burner support, which preferably is a metal duct delivering a blast of air to the burner from a blower (not shown). The outlet end of said duct is upturned and countersunk as indicated at 2 to snugly seat and terminally embrace the lower end of a collar 3 centrally formed on a circular burner plate 4. The latter is formed with coaxial inner and outer annular troughs 5 and 6 in each of which is disposed a porous bed 7 of fire-resistant mineral matter, such, for example, as fire brick broken into'small particles. The outer of said troughs which is preferably deeper than the inner one, has in its bottom portion an oil inlet 8 and has its mineral bed spaced above the bottom of said trough by a ring 9 of T cross section, which is loosely set into the trough. The vertical web of said ring has a series of arched openings l0 therethrough, permitting the oil to freely accumulate in the space below the head of said ring. Said head has a series of. arcuate recesses II in each of its margins permitting the oil to freely rise into the mineral bed throughout the circumferential extent thereof.

At its outer margin, the burner plate 4 is formed with a countersunk seat 12 for an annular upper burner plate [3 of dished formation, which trough l6 and the projection l4 slightly spaced from the outer Wall and bottom of the trough 5, so that there is formed a restricted, tortuous, annular oil passage leading from the top of the trough 6 to the bottom of the trough 5, promoting preheating and vaporization of the liquid fuel.

Spaced above the plates 4 and i3 is a dished deflector plate ll, having upon its under face a number of spaced lugs it freely seated upon the inner marginal portion of the plate 4, said lugs extending slightly into the collar 3 to hold the deflector platecentered on the burner. The central portion of the deflector plate forms an inverted cone projecting into the collar 3 to laterally deflect the air stream rising through said collar.

In the use of the burner as so far described, Oil is supplied to the inlet 8 under a slight pressure sufficient to assure a gradual percolation of such oil upwardly through the outer mineral bed, inwardly through said tortuous passage, and upwardly through the inner mineral bed. At the surface of. the latter, combustion occurs, and is promoted by the air blast outwardly discharging beneath the deflector plate. The latter holds the outwardly sweeping flames against the plate It, so as to maintain the latter highly heated and thus effectively preheat the oil flowing between the two mineral beds. The finely divided form in which the oil percolates through the mineral beds also is conducive to its thorough preheating and delivery in vaporized form to the coinbustion point.

2! conducts the oil, as initially preheated, to

the burner inlet 8. Preferably an arcuate shield 22 is spaced slightly inward from the duct 20 and is adapted to be adjusted vertically to more or less protect said duct from the burner flames. As shown said shield has three supporting lugs 23 at its lower margin which may selectively engage circiunferentially stepped supports 24 formed in recesses of the furnace brick work to support the shield at selective levels.

The invention is presented as including all such modifications and changes as come within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a lower burner plate having a central air opening, and formed outwardly from said opening with an annular trough, a bed of porous fire-resistant material in said trough, a duct delivering air upwardly to said central opening, means for delivering liquid fuel to said trough, an annular upper burner plate resting upon the lower burner plate outwardly of said trough, and spaced above the lower plate to form a substantially annular passage for delivering liquid fuel inwardly from said trough to the inner margin of said upper plate, and a deflector plate freely seated upon the lower plate marginally of its central opening and covering said central opening thereof and spaced above the upper burner plate in substantial parallelism therewith to direct the air and flames outwardly across the upper burner plate.

2. A liquid fuel burner as set forth in claim 1, the air duct having an upturned outlet end, annularly countersunk to form a seat, and the lower burner plate having a collar, marginal to its central opening, downwardly projecting and freely engaging said seat.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a lower burner plate having a central air opening, and formed with an inner and an outer annular trough, an upper burner plate seated on the lower plate and forming therewith a substantially annular passage for liquid fuel leading from the outer to the inner trough, a deflector plate positioned over the central opening of the lower plate and spaced above the upper plate to deflect air rising through said. opening, outwardly, in proximity to the upper plate, means for delivering liquid fuel to the outer trough, and means for delivering air to said central opening.

4. A liquid fuel burner as set forth in claim 3, a third substantially annular trough being formed in the lower burner plate between the inner and outer trough thereof, and the upper burner plate having a substantially annular rib on its under face projecting into said third trough and spaced from the sides and bottom thereof to afford a radial flow of fuel through the trough.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising a lower burner plate having a central air opening, and forming inner and outer annular troughs surrounding said opening, an upper burner plate carried by said lower plate outwardly of the outer trough and extending inwardly across the outer trough and terminating within the inner trough, the upper and lower plates jointly forming a restricted annular passage between the two troughs, means for delivering liquid fuel to the outer trough, and means for deflecting air rising through said central opening outwardly over said upper plate.

6. A liquid fuel burner as set forth in claim 5, the upper burner plate being annularly downturned within the inner trough, and forming with the outer wall of said trough a restricted outlet from said annular passage.

7. A liquid fuel burner as set forth in claim 5, the inner trough being substantially filled with porous fire resistant material resisting access of air to said passage and the outer trough during operation of the burner.

8. A fluid fuel burner comprising a member having a central air opening and an annular trough surrounding said opening, means for delivering air under pressure upwardly to said opening, means for deflecting said air outwardly across said trough, a fuel preheating tube arranged in the flame path of said burner, means for delivering liquid fuel from said tube to said trough, a shield interposed between said tube and the burner, and means for selectively positioning said shield to regulably expose said tube to the burner flame.

9. The combination with a liquid fuel burner having a provision for delivering liquid fuel to the central portion of the burner and for outwardly spreading the burner flame, of a fuel preheating tube disposed in the path of said flame outwardly of the burner and extending around the burner, and a shield extending around the burner between said tube and the burner in relatively close proximity to said tube and movable to regulate the preheating effect.

10. In the combination set forth in claim 9, Y

means for supporting said shield at selective elevations to selectively control the preheating effect on said tube.

11. A liquid fuel burner comprising a lower burner plate having a central air opening and a formed with an inner annular trough adjacent to such opening and an outer annular trough adjacent to the outer margin of said plate, an upper burner plate seated on the lower plate and forming therewith a substantially annular passage for liquid fuel leading from the outer to the inner trough, a deflector plate positioned above the central opening of the lower plate and extending outwardly above the upper plate into proximity with the outer margin of the upper plate to del fleet air rising through said opening outwardly in proximity to the upper plate, means for delivering liquid fuel to the outer trough, and means for delivering air to said central opening.

12. A liquid fuel burner comprising fuel discharge means, a fuel preheating tube disposed in the flame path of said discharge means, a delivery connection to said discharge means from said preheating tube, a stepped support, and a shield carried by the stepped support, and interposed between said discharge means and preheating tube, and selectively engageable with the steps of said support, to regulate its effect in shielding the preheating tube from the flame. W. WOODFORD McINTYRE. 

